Without FEAR BEER fun sign There is no Courage - Pirates of the Caribbean fan

Description

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I am happy to put forth this beautiful item for sale.
You are bidding on one BRAND NEW aluminum metal tin sign
.....
It is
a brand new metal tin sign that would be very
much
enjoyed indeed by
any home .
The sign is unopened
and still in the original shrink-wrap.
I image this sign hanging in the
den of a fan
,
or ou
t
si
de in his/her favorite parking place
or better yet in your GARAGE.
It is a hoot.   I was made here in the USA , and it measures
8 inches by 12 inches in size.
It in an
Embossed Aluminum Sign .
I hope this finds a nice home.
Thank you , Harry
Beer in the United States
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about beer in the USA. For the documentary film, see
American Beer (documentary)
. For the Fear album, see
American Beer (album)
.
Pint
of American beer
Beer in the United States
is manufactured by more than 3,000 breweries, which range in size from industry giants to
brew pubs
and
microbreweries
.
[
1
]
The United States produced 196 million
barrels
of beer in 2012, and consumes roughly 28 US gallons (110 L) of beer per capita annually.
[
2
]
In 2011, the United States was ranked fifteenth in the world in per capita consumption, while total consumption was second only to
China
.
[
3
]
Economy
[
edit
]
Beer is the most popular alcoholic beverage in America and accounts for about 85% of the volume of alcoholic beverages sold in the United States each year. As of 2009, the top three beer companies in the US were
Anheuser-Busch
,
MillerCoors
, and
Pabst Brewing Company
.
[
53
]
The top beer brands by market share were
Bud Light
(28.3%),
Budweiser
(11.9%) and
Coors Light
(9.9%).
[
54
]
Corona Extra
is the No. 1 imported beer, followed by
Heineken
. 2009 figures show an overall decline in beer consumption from previous years, with only
craft beer
sales rising at a rate of 7–10%.
[
55
]
[
56
]
Overall U.S. beer consumption was calculated at 205.8 million barrels.
[
56
]
Light beer
constitutes a 52.8% share of US beer sales.
[
57
]
Nearly eighty percent of
convenience stores
sell beer, about 93 percent of which is sold cold. The U.S. convenience store industry sells more than 2 billion US gallons (7,600,000 m
3
) of beer a year; roughly one-third of all the beer purchased in the United States. Of the twenty percent of convenience stores that do not sell beer, the majority of those are in
Pennsylvania
—the nation's sixth-largest state by population—due to
limitations on alcohol sales in the state
, which make it illegal to sell in convenience stores and restrict sales inside
supermarkets
. Although legislation is currently pending in the
Pennsylvania General Assembly
to legalize alcohol sales in convenience stores as well as to loosen restrictions on supermarkets,
[
58
]
Pennsylvania is the only state in which beer sales are illegal in convenience stores.
In 2007, U.S. consumption was 6.7 billion US gallons (25,000,000 m
3
).
[
59
]
Beer sales in the premium market are increasing, while sales in the standard and economy section are decreasing.
[
60
]
The major beer producers merged to strengthen their position –
Anheuser-Busch
merged with
InBev
to form Anheuser–Busch InBev, and
Molson Coors
merged with
Miller Brewing
to form
MillerCoors
.
[
60
]
Despite legal challenges, the country's three-tiered distribution system remains in place.
[
60
]
Cascade cone hop, an American hop varietal
Beer styles
[
edit
]
Dogfish Head
90 Minute IPA, an example of an American Double IPA
See also
Category:American beer styles
.
Pre-Prohibition styles
[
edit
]
Beer styles indigenous to the United States include
California common beer
or "
steam beer
",
Kentucky Common Beer
,
amber ale
,
blonde ale
and
cream ale
.
Contemporary craft styles
[
edit
]
Numerous beer styles have emerged in the United States since the beginnings of the craft beer movement in the 1970s, ranging from variations on traditional European styles to much more experimental ales and lagers. American craft beers frequently employ newer American hop varietals such as
Cascade
,
Citra
,
Simcoe
,
Willamette
, or
Warrior
.
[
61
]
These hops, developed by private growers and universities since the 1970s, contribute to the distinctiveness of many American craft beers but are especially important to the flavor of American Pale Ale (APA) and American
India Pale Ale
. These beers can deviate considerably from the traditional English styles they were adapted from and are often robustly bitter, resinous, or fruity.
[
62
]
The American "double" or "imperial" IPA, a popular style credited to
Russian River Brewing Company
brewmaster Vinny Cilurzo, can be extremely hoppy and strong, ranging from 7-14% ABV with bitterness ratings routinely topping 90
IBUs
.
[
63
]
[
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]
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]
Similarly, American stout beer, inspired by
Russian Imperial Stout
, may be hoppy and high in ABV, such as Deschutes Abyss or Goose Island's Bourbon County Stout, which is fermented to 15% ABV and conditioned in
bourbon
barrels.
[
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]
[
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]
An emerging style associated with the Pacific Northwest is Cascadian Dark Ale, alternatively known as Black IPA, a heavily hopped beer with dark, roasted malts.
[
68
]
Other adapted styles with distinct American variations include
Irish red ale
,
brown ale
,
Scotch ale
,
wheat beer
,
rye beer
and
barleywine
.
[
69
]
[
70
]
[
71
]
[
72
]
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]
Some breweries, such as
Off Color Brewing
in Chicago, focus on resurrecting styles that have been essentially extinct since the advent of
Reinheitsgebot
in Germany.
[
74
]
Belgian beer styles have also been adapted by American breweries, including
saison
,
dubbel
,
tripel
, and
Belgian strong ale
.
[
75
]
The lighter of these (saison, golden strong ale and tripel) beers have soft malt flavors and mild to strong "spicy" characteristics that come from yeast or the addition of spices. The darker of these beers (dubbel and dark strong ale) may have flavors of dried fruit that derives from the malts, yeast and sugar used to make them. All of these beers are high in carbonation and low in hop character.
Witbier
, a style nearly extinct until reintroduced by Belgian brewer
Pierre Celis
in the 1960s, is one of the top-selling craft beer styles in the United States.
[
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]
Brewery Ommegang
,
Jolly Pumpkin
, and
The Bruery
are other examples of breweries that produce Belgian-inspired beers. In 2014, Spencer Brewery, opened by the monks of
St. Joseph's Abbey
in
Spencer, Massachusetts
, became the first certified
Trappist brewery
outside of Europe.
[
77
]
Pale lager and malt liquor
[
edit
]
While craft brewing companies with myriad style offerings continue to gain market share, the best selling style of beer made in the U.S. is still
pale lager
, most often made by most large-scale brewers, including
Anheuser-Busch InBev
and
MillerCoors
. These large-scale or, "macro", companies also brew popular styles which descend from the pale lager.
Light beer
, which was introduced on a large scale by Miller Brewing Company in the early 1970s, is a beer made with reduced alcohol and carbohydrate content, and has grown to eclipse many of the original pale lager brands in sales. Bud Light, brewed by Anheuser-Busch InBev, is the top-selling beer in the United States.
Ice beer
is an example which has been partially
freeze-distilled
with the intention of concentrating flavor and alcohol. The technique is based on that used to make
Eisbock
, but the two styles share no stylistic similarities (apart from both being lagers) otherwise.
Dry beer
, a Japanese style based on pale lager, is also brewed by some American companies. In dry beer, the yeast is encouraged to consume more fermentables, resulting in a crisper finish and an unusually subtle hop flavor.
Malt liquor
is a high-ABV pale lager. It has often incited controversy due to its alcohol content, larger-sized containers, low prices, and advertising that frequently targets
inner city
neighborhoods.
[
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]
[
79
]
Distribution
[
edit
]
Beer distribution in America is divided into manufacturers,
wholesalers
, and retailers. The
middle man
in this arrangement is a requirement of the laws in most states in order for more efficient taxation and regulation of the industry. Before
Prohibition
, beer was sold to the American people almost exclusively through saloons.
[
80
]
Patrons either drank their beverage in the bar or in some cases used "growlers" (large tin pails) to bring beer home from the saloon. The vast majority of saloons in America at this time were owned or controlled by
breweries
.
[
81
]
After the end of Prohibition in 1933, states passed laws regulating the sale of alcohol, inserting an intermediary between the brewer and retailer that did not exist before, known as the distributor, supplier, or wholesaler.
[
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]
Breweries produce the beer, distributors transport and sell it to retailers, and retailers sell it to the public. To ensure that the incentives that resulted in over-serving and corruption before Prohibition did not exist, states adopted provisions to ensure independence of manufacturing, wholesaling, and retailing in the beer industry. Delaware’s Code of law states that “It shall be unlawful for a manufacturer or supplier…to own or be interested in any manner in any establishment licensed by the Commissioner to sell alcoholic liquors”.
[
83
]
This system gives the states more control over alcohol sales than before because now market participants at each of the three steps need state license to do business.
Under the three-tier system taxes could be levied at three levels of the beer distribution process. Breweries pay a federal
excise tax
.
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84
]
Distributors are taxed by the states (usually on a per volume basis),
[
85
]
and then retailers have to pay a
sales tax
. While this adds much to the price of beer, it was believed higher beer prices would lead to temperance. Small breweries like this system because it ensures that large breweries cannot control the distributors and block them from the market.
[
86
]
Tax rates vary from state to state; Tennessee taxes wholesalers on volume (.21 per barrel) and on sales (17% of the wholesale selling price).
[
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]
A
Standard and Poor
analysis estimated that all the taxes levied during the manufacture, distribution, and retailing of beer adds up to 44% of the retail price.
[
88
]
Another issue is the deterioration of independence between the breweries and distributors. Most distributors even label themselves as “
Anheuser-Busch
” or “
Miller-Coors
” distributors, and recently
A-B InBev
has strengthened incentives in its exclusivity program.
[
89
]
While they lack the same degree of control as Pre-Prohibition times, manufacturers can still have substantial influence over what beers make it to shelves. In fact, one of the reasons InBev recently bought Anheuser-Busch was to gain access to its distribution channels.
[
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]
This lack of independence is especially threatening to small breweries, who claim that wholesaler independence is critical to making sure the success or failure of beer depends on consumer demand, not barriers to distribution.
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]
They would also like to see the ban lifted on contracts between brewers and wholesales, especially when they feel that incentive programs from the larger manufacturers have been getting around this ban for years.
Those pushing for a more open system of beer distribution often point to recent changes in the laws concerning wine sales. All but 11 states now allow wineries to ship directly to the consumer, cutting out the wholesale middle man.
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]
The reasoning behind these laws is that because of high shipping costs, only enthusiasts looking for high end, expensive wines are taking advantage of this method, eliminating the need for temperance-inducing increased costs.
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Proposals to open up laws in the remaining 11 states are opposed by distributors and retailers who claim it would hurt small business, but supported by small breweries who hope the changes may spread to the beer industry as well.
See also
[
edit
]
Beer in San Diego County, California
List of breweries in the United States
Pirates of the Caribbean
(film series)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pirates of the Caribbean
Blu Ray box set
Directed by
Gore Verbinski
(
1
–
3
)
Rob Marshall
(
4
)
Joachim Rønning
and
Espen Sandberg
(
5
)
Produced by
Jerry Bruckheimer
Written by
Terry Rossio
Ted Elliott
(
1–4
)
Stuart Beattie
(story,
1
)
Jay Wolpert
(story,
1
)
Jeff Nathanson
(
5
)
Based on
Walt Disney
's
Pirates of the Caribbean
Tim Powers
'
On Stranger Tides
(
4
)
Starring
Johnny Depp
Geoffrey Rush
Orlando Bloom
(
1-3
)
Keira Knightley
(
1-3
)
Chow Yun-Fat
(
3
)
Penélope Cruz
(
4
)
Ian McShane
(
4
)
(
see below
)
Music by
Hans Zimmer
Klaus Badelt
(
1
)
Rodrigo y Gabriela
(
4
)
Eric Whitacre
(
4
)
Production
company
Walt Disney Pictures
Jerry Bruckheimer Films
Distributed by
Walt Disney Studios
Motion Pictures
Release dates
1
:
July 9, 2003
2
:
July 7, 2006
3
:
May 25, 2007
4
:
May 20, 2011
5
:
July 7, 2017
Running time
600 minutes (
1
–
4
)
Country
United States
Language
English, Spanish, French
Budget
Total (4 films):
billion
Box office
Total (4 films):
.7 billion
Pirates of the Caribbean
is a series of
fantasy
swashbuckler films
produced by
Jerry Bruckheimer
and based on
Walt Disney
's
theme park ride of the same name
. Directors of the series include
Gore Verbinski
(
1
–
3
),
Rob Marshall
(
4
), and
Joachim Rønning
and
Espen Sandberg
(
5
). The series was scripted by
Terry Rossio
,
Ted Elliott
(
1–4
), and
Jeff Nathanson
(
5
), with the stories following the adventures of
Captain Jack Sparrow
(
Johnny Depp
),
Captain Barbossa
(
Geoffrey Rush
),
Joshamee Gibbs
(
Kevin McNally
),
Will Turner
(
Orlando Bloom
), and
Elizabeth Swann
(
Keira Knightley
). The films take place in a fictional historical setting; a world ruled largely by an amalgam of alternative versions of the
British Empire
and the
East India Company
, with the pirates representing freedom from the ruling powers.
The film series started with their first release on the big screen in 2003 with
Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl
, which received positive reviews from the critics and grossed
US$
654 million worldwide.
[
1
]
After the first film's success,
Walt Disney Pictures
revealed that a trilogy was in the works. The franchise's second film, subtitled
Dead Man's Chest
, was released three years later in 2006; the sequel proved successful, breaking financial records worldwide the day of its premiere. It ended up being the number one film of the year upon earning almost .1 billion to-date at the worldwide box office. The third film in the series, subtitled
At World's End
, followed in 2007, and Disney released a fourth film, subtitled
On Stranger Tides
, on May 20, 2011 in conventional 2D,
Digital 3-D
and
IMAX 3D
.
On Stranger Tides
succeeded in also grossing more than billion,
[
1
]
becoming the second film in the franchise and only the eighth film in history to achieve this.
So far, the film franchise has grossed .73 billion worldwide;
[
1
]
it is the ninth
highest-grossing film series of all-time
and it was the first franchise where more than one film grossed billion worldwide.
A fifth film, tentatively subtitled
Dead Men Tell No Tales
, is currently in pre-production and is set for release on July 7, 2017.
[
2
]
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